The role of omega-3 fatty acids: Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the diets of pregnant women and infants – emphasis on the significance of DHA in prenatal and early childhood development
David Janitzek
2026-03-20
6 min. read
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The gestational period represents a distinct phase for both the maternal organism and the developing fetus, which necessitates an elevated supply of essential nutrients and energy. Of particular interest to nutritionists and pediatric specialists in this context are the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids belonging to the omega-3 family, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Due to inherent limitations in human metabolism—namely, the inability to synthesize de novo double bonds at the n-3 position—their consistent provision through dietary intake or supplementation becomes indispensable, thereby reinforcing their classification as essential nutrients (referred to as *essential fatty acids*).
EPA- und DHA-Säuren
Von allen LC-PUFA ist eine außergewöhnliche Rolle (vor allem in kritischen Zeiten des menschlichen Lebens) als docosahexaensäure (DHA) der Omega-3-Familie zugeschrieben worden. Die größten Mengen sind in Seefischen (Schleide, Mackerel, Sardinen) und Süßwasser (Sachwasser). Darüber hinaus ist es auch in Fischöl, Sealgen und Früchten der Seefamilie zu finden.
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