Spektrum autyzmu i żywienie

Autism is characterized by difficulties with speaking and communicating, as well as problems with initiating and maintaining social contacts. However, the causes of autism are numerous. The first symptoms may appear as early as childhood. A child may not maintain eye contact with the caregiver or respond to their name. Autists often show a lack of interest in play and repetition of certain behaviors. There is also a strong need for routine, low tolerance for changes, and sensory disorders of autism. It is suspected that genetic factors (e.g., genetic mutations related to the age of parents at conception) play a significant role, but also improper course of pregnancy or childbirth, severe infections during pregnancy or infancy, and even exposure to certain chemicals. It is likely that a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors is important. Many people associate autism with vaccinations against measles, mumps, and rubella, but there is no connection between vaccinations and the development of disorders. The hypothesis that the negative attitude of the mother towards the child leads to more frequent occurrence of autism is false (M. Khymko, M. Cylkowska-Nowak 2011). Autism is usually diagnosed around the third year of life, although some individuals receive a diagnosis only in adulthood. Autism is a lifelong condition that cannot be cured, but a holistic therapy conducted by specialists can alleviate many symptoms and improve the functioning of the child in society. It is important that early alarming symptoms are detected and reported for further diagnosis. The diagnosis or exclusion of autism is made by a team of specialists, including psychologists and psychiatrists.