Protein insufficiency in daily nutrition – distinctive symptoms, potential health hazards, and effective strategies for addressing protein deficits in the body
Emilia Szymańska
2026-05-19
4 min. read
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The optimal performance of the human body relies heavily on a balanced intake of essential nutrients—including macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds—whose appropriate ratios ensure the maintenance of homeostasis. Among these, protein stands out as a cornerstone nutrient, serving as the primary building block for tissues, enzymes, and hormones. What signals does the body emit when protein levels fall below physiological thresholds? What long-term health repercussions may arise from a chronic deficiency of this nutrient, and what measures can be taken to prevent its occurrence or correct existing shortages?
It's a protein
Protein is a multi-molecular nitrogen compound composed of amino acids. Together with fats and carbohydrates, it is a basic component of the human diet. Protein in the body undergoes continuous catabolic (decomposition) and anabolic (synthesis) processes. It forms the structural and functional basis of our body. It performs functions such as:
In food, the protein is distinguished by:
It is used to the maximum extent possible for anabolic processes. Its main source is animal products meat, poultry, fish and their preparations, eggs, milk and their products. It is incomplete and does not contain all the essential amino acids (essential acids which humans are unable to synthesize themselves). Its sources are products of plant origin cereals, pseudo-cereals and their derivatives, nuts, seeds, seed, vegetables and fruits. The consumption of protein may vary depending on the individual's physical health, age, body weight, etc.. but it is also 0,9 kg/kg for a person's body weight.
A shortage of protein
The causes of protein deficiency can be several and can occur at the same time. e.g.: insufficient dietary intake poorly balanced weight-loss diets, starvation, lack of appetite, increased demand pregnant and lactating women, athletes, cancer patients, weakened, disabled, increased dialysis, absorption disorders chronic diarrhoea, diarrhea, short-term bowel syndrome.
Protein deficiency is a symptom
Insufficient protein in the body can result in fatigue, weakness and problems with concentration, increased susceptibility to bacterial, viral and fungal infections, weakening of hair and nails, deterioration of skin quality dirty, dry, peeling, slowed regeneration of the body, swelling throughout the body eyes, face, hands, muscle strength.
Protein deficiency is an effect
The effects depend on the extent and duration of the protein deficiency. It is most dangerous for people who are chronically ill or who have experienced severe stress, such as injury, surgery or burns. Protein deficiency can lead to protein malnutrition (kwashiorkor). It can result in reduced heart muscle mass, heart rate disorder, liver damage and fatigue, impaired production of blood cells and immune proteins. Untreated can even lead to death.
Protein deficiency in pregnancy
A proper supply of protein and other nutrients is very important in pregnancy. The diet must meet the needs of not only the woman's body but also the fetus. During pregnancy, the demand for protein increases from 0.9 to 1.2g/kg m.c. Poor nutrients contribute to the inhibition of fetal growth and development.
Protein deficiency How to supplement?
It should be remembered that at least three main meals contain a protein product, i.e. meat, poultry, fish and their products, eggs, milk and its products, and cereals and products thereof, seeds, including legumes, nuts and seeds. Among the meals that can be prepared on the basis of milk or a fertilised drink with a nutritional additive, it is important to keep in mind that in the case of people with higher protein sources, the introduction of nutrient-deficient products into the diet can lead to a lack of nutrients, such as nutrients or nutrients.
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