Vegetarismus - seine Bedeutung, Varianten und wichtige Informationen
David Janitzek
2026-03-22
5 Min. Lesezeit
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Wenige Menschen sind sich bewusst, dass es verschiedene Arten der vegetarischen Ernährung gibt, die sich erheblich voneinander unterscheiden. Wie wir alle wissen, besteht die vegetarische Ernährung jedoch hauptsächlich darin, Fleisch von allen Mahlzeiten auszuschließen. Und wie sieht die typische Vegetarische Ernährungspyramide aus? Warum entscheiden sich Menschen für diese Art von Ernährung? Welche Arten der vegetarischen Ernährung können wir unterscheiden?
What does a meatless diet look like?
Vegetarianism is a dietary approach that avoids the consumption of meat. The term originates from two Latin words: "vegetabilis" (vegetable) and "vegetare" (grow, mature, flourish). However, simply avoiding meat does not guarantee a balanced diet - it is important to frequently opt for products that contain a similar amount of micro- and macro-elements as meat.
The meat-free diet pyramid
A diet pyramid has been devised for vegetarians to facilitate appropriate nutrition without the inclusion of meat. Proper hydration and consumption of adequate quantities of vegetables, fruits, cereals, protein-rich products such as legumes, as well as oils, nuts, seeds, and, depending on the type of vegetarianism, dairy products and eggs, are of paramount importance. However, there is no one-size-fits-all diet pyramid. The need for nutrients and their recommended amounts in the diet depend on anthropometric parameters, gender, and physical activity of the individual.
Kinds of meat-free diet
Vegetarianism embodies a unique approach to eating that entails avoiding the consumption of meat products such as beef, poultry, game, and fish. It is a significant misconception to view vegetarianism as a single, unchanging form of diet. In reality, there are several variations of vegetarian diets that differ from each other to a lesser or greater extent, and here are a few of them:
Veganism in its most extreme form
Demonstrates the highest level of elimination of animal-derived products, including not only meat, but also such products as milk, cheese, or eggs. Individuals who have chosen this diet also avoid medications based on animal tissues or honey, as it is produced by insects.
Vitarianism, also known as raw veganism, is a dietary regimen that permits the consumption of only fruits and vegetables in their natural, unprocessed form.
This is an extremely restrictive variant of the vegetarian diet, which very frequently leads to numerous nutritional deficiencies.
Fruit-oriented vegetarianism
Ingesting solely fruit is allowable, with even vegetables being excluded from the diet. Adhering to this variant of vegetarianism is almost impossible in our climate zone, primarily due to the short flowering and ripening period of the fruit.
Egg-inclusive variant of vegetarianism
– constitutes a variant of vegetarianism that involves the inclusion of eggs in the diet, alongside vegetables and fruits. In this dietary regime, egg consumption is significantly more prevalent. However, there is no positive correlation between consuming eggs and a rise in blood cholesterol levels.
Lacto-vegetarianism
Lacto-vegetarianism allows the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and dairy products, while entirely excluding eggs, meats, fish, and honey.
Lacto-ovo vegetarian lifestyle
it is a type of vegetarianism that includes the consumption of eggs and dairy products. It is assumed that adhering to this type of vegetarianism may potentially offer substantial opportunities for providing the body with all necessary nutrients.
Incomplete vegetarianism
Considered the most lenient type of vegetarianism. It permits the sporadic consumption of poultry meat as well as fish, seafood, eggs, dairy products, vegetables, and fruits. This type of vegetarianism, which allows for the consumption of products from all food groups, is characterized by a slightly elevated risk of nutritional deficiencies.
I'm alluding to a vegetarianism that incorporates fish consumption
The diet is primarily plant-based, although occasional fish consumption is allowed. The high quantity of fish in the diet of vegetarians who also eat fish results in a noteworthy content of omega-3 fatty acids.
Motives for embracing a vegetarian diet
There are a number of fundamental reasons why people choose to adopt a vegetarian diet, including: - ecology - it is believed that intensive farm animal husbandry results in a substantial depletion of energy, water, land, and other resources, - economics - people believe that if all plant production were used for human nutrition, there would be no necessity to consume meat, - religion, - ethics, - humanitarian - expressing empathy and pity for animals, - morality - animals are regarded as equal to humans and thus have the same entitlement to life as humans, - philosophy, - health - there is evidence to indicate that individuals who follow a vegetarian diet are less susceptible to civilizational ailments.
The most crucial information
The biggest challenge in a properly balanced vegetarian diet is avoiding nutritional deficiencies. Vegetarians should strictly adhere to the rules of proper nutrition. Great attention should be paid to protein intake. Plant proteins should be properly combined and deficiencies in essential exogenous amino acids should be supplemented to achieve the highest biological value. If it is not possible to meet the demand for the most important vitamins and minerals, it is recommended to enrich the diet with vitamin D supplementation, vitamin B vitamins (mainly B12) products, and in some cases calcium and calcium products. In such a diet, a large amount of iron is usually provided, but it is about poorly digestible non-hem iron. Therefore, it is advisable to combine iron-rich foods with foods containing vitamin C, as this improves digestibility. The risk of calcium deficiency is low in people who consume milk and dairy products. In a diet that excludes these products, it is advisable to consume larger amounts of green leafy vegetables and highly mineralized water rich in well-digestible calcium. Cereal products should be combined with milk, eggs, and legumes to ensure an adequate content of amino acids. In all types of vegetarian diets, it is recommended to consume as little processed food as possible, which should be freshly prepared shortly before consumption. It is also worth paying attention to variety in meals to obtain a tastier and less monotonous diet.
Vegetarianism and weight reduction
It should be emphasized that neither the vegetarian nor vegan diet are typical weight loss diets, but that doesn't mean that it's not possible to lose weight while adhering to such a diet. The fundamental principle of a reducing vegetarian diet is to exclude all highly processed foods that are a source of empty calories. Proper hydration is also crucial. If we are persistent enough and adhere to the rules of the vegetarian nutritional model, we should not wait long for satisfactory results.
