Nächtliche Essstörungen - Symptome und Behandlungsmethoden
Laura Schneider
2026-03-24
3 Min. Lesezeit
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Warum können manche Menschen trotz ihrer angekündigten Ernährungs- und Trainingspläne nicht abnehmen? Sie widmen ihre Zeit und ihr Geld, aber können die gewünschten Ergebnisse ihrer Bemühungen und ihres Engagements nicht erkennen. Der Hauptgrund, den man berücksichtigen sollte, ist der Verlust der Kontrolle über das Essen, der zur Aufgabe weiterer Versuche der Gewichtsreduktion führt, was schließlich zu Übergewicht oder Fettleibigkeit führt. Einige essen zwischen den Hauptmahlzeiten, andere verbergen ihr Essen, und wieder andere essen hauptsächlich nachts. Letztere leiden unter nächtlichen Essstörungen, die ihre Chancen auf Gewichtsverlust negativ beeinflussen.
Nocturnal Overeating Disorder
Nocturnal Overeating Disorder (Night Eating Syndrome) is an eating disorder marked by uncontrollable and recurrent nighttime binge eating. It affects 1.5% of the population and involves individuals experiencing binge episodes, those aiming to reduce weight, as well as those suffering from obesity, depression, bulimia, or sleep disorders.
Signs of nocturnal eating disorder
There are several distinctive indicators that can aid in identifying this condition and initiating appropriate measures. Among the most typical behaviors and symptoms are: morning anorexia, where an individual does not consume a meal for several hours after waking; skipping breakfast at least four times weekly; consuming more than half of daily calories after 7 PM; sleep disturbances, difficulties falling asleep, nocturnal awakenings to eat, a preference for carbohydrates, feelings of guilt and shame related to nighttime eating, deteriorating mood (fatigue, anxiety, tension, guilt), hormonal imbalances such as decreased melatonin and elevated leptin and cortisol levels, with symptoms persisting for at least two months. The aforementioned symptoms may worsen or emerge due to stress or insomnia. There are indications of a potential genetic predisposition, though no definitive evidence exists. Depression or other psychological conditions like diabetes and gastroesophageal reflux may also contribute to NES. One hypothesis suggests that eating compensates for unconscious dreams, plans, and thoughts that are difficult or impossible to acknowledge. Thus, food serves as a compensatory mechanism for loneliness, low self-esteem, or depressed mood.
Management of nocturnal eating syndrome
The treatment of nocturnal eating disorder requires a multifaceted approach that integrates pharmacotherapy, nutritional counseling, and psychological support. Pharmacological interventions are typically targeted at individuals with depression or hormonal imbalances, such as melatonin or leptin deficiencies. A nutritionist assists in establishing healthy eating patterns, including meal planning and the preparation of low-calorie, nutrient-dense meals. A psychologist employs behavioral and relaxation techniques to alleviate stress and anxiety. Ensuring a comfortable and hygienic sleep environment is also crucial for improving sleep quality and combating insomnia. Patients should go to bed only when fatigued and ready for sleep, limit sleep duration to six hours, and avoid daytime napping. Diagnostic tests like EEG, EMG, and EOG can aid in selecting appropriate pharmacotherapy. Despite the challenges, nocturnal eating disorder is treatable, with the patient's commitment and perseverance being key factors.
