Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome – Symptoms, Diet... Natural Treatment of PCOS

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is recognized as the most prevalent endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, affecting approximately 5 – 15% of the population. Clinically, the condition is diagnosed when two of the three primary criteria are satisfied: clinical and/or biochemical indicators of excessive androgen activity (hirsutism, acne, male-pattern hair loss); the absence or infrequent occurrence of ovulation, occurring in at least six menstrual cycles per year; and the presence of polycystic ovaries, which are visible on ultrasound imaging [2, 3]. PCOS exhibits a multisymptomatic profile, yet its manifestation can vary significantly among individuals, presenting diverse symptoms of varying severity. These may include menstrual irregularities, excessive male-pattern hair growth, dermatological concerns, dark hyperkeratosis resulting from significant insulin resistance, and frequently co-occurring obesity. The bothersome symptoms of PCOS notably diminish the quality of life for affected women and can often precipitate depressive episodes. It is important to note! PCOS and Pregnancy Numerous clinical reports identify PCOS as one of the leading causes of infertility due to the absence or rarity of ovulation. Among the commonly employed treatments for infertility in women with PCOS is pharmacological ovarian stimulation. When pharmacological interventions fail to yield the desired outcomes, laparoscopic surgical treatment may be considered. However, it is crucial to recognize that infertility in women with PCOS is not inevitable, as many achieve their desired pregnancies. For those diagnosed with fertility challenges, successful pregnancy outcomes can often be achieved through prolonged treatment regimens, stress management, and a balanced diet. The collaborative relationship between physician and patient, including effective communication and adherence to medical guidance, is undeniably vital.

Numerous literature reports indicate that PCOS is one of the most common causes of infertility due to the absence or rare ovulation. One of the commonly used methods of infertile treatment in PCOS women is pharmacological ovulation stimulation. When pharmacotherapy does not produce the expected effects, laparoscopic surgical treatment is considered.

A well-balanced and nutrient-rich diet is a crucial component of PCOS management. Research indicates that many women with PCOS also struggle with excess weight or obesity, which negatively impacts their self-esteem and increases the risk of depressive states. Consequently, most patients are advised to follow a reduced-calorie diet that accounts for an appropriate energy deficit, typically ranging from 500 to 1000 kcal per day. Studies demonstrate that a 5% reduction in body weight can restore ovulation and enhance fertility [2]. Practical advice for women with PCOS: maintain consistent meal times, consume meals at fixed intervals, and avoid eating within 2–3 hours before bedtime. Primary sources of carbohydrates should be whole-grain products with a low glycemic index (GI < 55), given the frequent co-occurrence of insulin resistance. When planning your meal plan, prioritize fiber intake by incorporating fresh vegetables and fruits, particularly seasonal varieties. Avoid highly processed foods, excessive sweets, salty snacks, and fast food. Ensure adequate hydration by drinking 1.5–2 liters of fluids daily. Regular physical activity improves insulin sensitivity and reduces insulin resistance. Due to the link between vitamin D3 deficiency and PCOS symptoms (insulin resistance, hirsutism, menstrual disorders), appropriate supplementation is necessary after consulting with a healthcare provider or dietitian [1].

Although a balanced diet, regular exercise, and pharmacological support form the foundation of PCOS treatment, it is also beneficial to incorporate traditional herbal remedies. Among women with polycystic ovary syndrome, infusions of peppermint and green tea are particularly popular, as they aid in regulating androgen levels. While PCOS is not immediately life-threatening, its associated symptoms often contribute to psychological distress, including self-esteem issues, depression, and eating disorders. Therefore, early diagnosis and personalized treatment are essential to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.