Grain Coffee as an Alternative to Traditional Coffee Beverage

Cereal beverage, frequently referred to as grain coffee, is a non-stimulating beverage with a similar taste to traditional coffee, made from roasted cereal grains such as barley, oats, or wheat (particularly spelt) and various additional ingredients. The first products of this type appeared in Europe in the 17th century when the Dutch began their production. In Poland, they came from Prussia at the end of the 18th century. At that time, natural coffee was quite expensive and hard to come by, which necessitated the need for a cheaper alternative. Grain coffee was then perceived as a cheaper and less luxurious option. Today, grain coffee is available not only in traditional form for cooking, but also in powder or granule form (instant). It is also available in gluten-free versions such as acorn coffee (from roasted acorns) and Jerusalem artichoke coffee (from Jerusalem artichoke tuber). Grain coffee can be diluted with water or milk and can also be prepared with various additives. For people with lactose intolerance or milk protein allergy, there are alternative plant-based milk options such as soy milk, rice milk, almond milk, or oat milk.

The content of nutritional components in cereal coffee varies depending on the ingredients used. As a cereal product, it is a source of dietary fiber and mineral ingredients (phosphorus, potassium, zinc, iron) and vitamins (particularly group B). Cereal coffee also contains polyphenols (catechins, proanthocyanins, flavonoids) compounds with antioxidant properties that protect against the development of various civilization diseases (including cancer). On the market, cereal coffees are available that are enriched with additives such as ginseng, cinnamon, cardamom, ginger, peppermint, or St. John's wort. Cereal coffee is a low-calorie drink – a glass (without milk and sugar) provides only about 15 kcal. Drinks with the addition of chicory are a source of inulin. This compound has a probiotic effect and has a positive effect on the intestinal flora. It also lowers blood sugar and cholesterol levels. To produce an alternative to coffee, the Jerusalem artichoke tuber is also used. This plant is a source of inulin, but also of proteins, vitamins, mineral ingredients, and oligosaccharides. Chestnut coffee is rich in carbohydrates and many mineral ingredients and vitamins.

Certain individuals, due to their health issues, should not consume traditional coffee. Excess caffeine is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding. It is also not recommended in the diet of children and people who have difficulty falling asleep. For some people, coffee can be an irritant to the digestive system. In contrast, cereal coffee is a drink suitable for people of all ages, including children and the elderly. It has the advantage that it can be consumed at any time of the day, even in the evening. It is also recommended as a dietary supplement for pregnant women, especially those struggling with high blood pressure. The lack of caffeine in the cereal alternative does not affect blood pressure, making it suitable for people with hypertension. Cereal coffee does not irritate the digestive tract and will not exacerbate symptoms of acid reflux or heartburn. People with digestive problems can consume it. Due to its fiber content, it can also benefit those with constipation, as it positively affects intestinal peristalsis. It also contains less oxalic acid than traditional coffee, making it an alternative for people with an increased risk of kidney stone formation. However, it is important to note that most cereal coffees contain gluten, making them unsuitable for people with celiac disease or gluten sensitivity. However, there are gluten-free versions available on the market, such as acorn coffee or Jerusalem artichoke coffee. It is important to always check the product label. Another contraindication for consuming cereal coffee is an allergy to any component of the cereal. Additionally, the product has a relatively high glycemic index, making it not recommended for people with diabetes or insulin resistance. It is also worth mentioning that cereal coffee (like natural coffee) is a source of harmful acrylamide, which is formed during the thermal processing of food, including the roasting of cereal grains. The highest acrylamide content is found in beverages with roasted chicory. This substance has potential carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and genotoxic effects. Therefore, it is recommended to consume cereal coffee only in moderation and as part of a balanced diet, especially for children.