Postoperative syndrome following stomach excision... Post-surgical diet
Felix Weber
2026-03-17
5 min. read
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A resection, which is the surgical removal of part or all of the stomach, is often the result of an attack by a malignant tumor or complications of ulcerative disease (perforation). The procedure is complicated and usually results in the duodenum being connected to the remaining part of the stomach or directly with the esophagus. Even partial removal of this organ can lead to disturbances in the digestive tract and cause problems with digestion and absorption of food, hence the crucial role of diet in the recovery process. Many patients also experience postoperative syndromes, which can include symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
Postprandial Symptom Complex Syndrome
Postprandial Symptom Complex Syndrome, also known as Dumping Syndrome, affects approximately 10% of patients following gastric resection surgery. It can be categorized into two types: early, which occurs around 15 minutes after eating, and late, which manifests after about 3 hours. Both types are characterized by accelerated heart rate, weakness, and nausea. The condition arises due to the rapid passage of undigested food, particularly glucose, directly into the intestines. The rapid release of glucose leads to an increase in blood sugar levels, prompting the pancreas to release more insulin. This, in turn, results in a sudden drop in blood sugar levels, causing hypoglycemic symptoms. Early Dumping Syndrome presents with post-meal fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, bloating, dizziness, weakness, flushing, and a rapid heart rate. Late Dumping Syndrome is marked by weakness, dizziness, irregular heartbeat, confusion, sudden hunger, aggression, and tremors. Research published in "Obesity Reviews" revealed that among 129 patients post-gastric resection, 12% experienced severe post-meal fatigue (half of whom had to lie down), 7% reported severe nausea, and 6% fainted. The syndrome can also lead to emotional symptoms, including anxiety and concerns about eating due to the discomfort that follows meals. Treatment primarily involves dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements.
Post-gastrectomy dietary guidelines
Following a stomach resection, a gentle, high-protein, and balanced diet is essential to prevent nutritional deficiencies. The first meal should consist of a porridge made from rice or millet, prepared with salted water. Starting from the fourth day, pureed fruits, followed by pureed vegetables, light salads, and white bread can be gradually introduced. After a week, cooked poultry and soft-boiled eggs can be added. Mild spices such as cumin, dill, or parsley are recommended, while spicy seasonings like pepper, chili, or paprika should be avoided. It is advised to consume 5-6 small meals per day. Preferred cooking methods include steaming, boiling, or baking in foil. Daily fat intake should be limited to 50-70 grams, while protein intake should be 1.5-2 grams per kilogram of body weight. Good protein sources include dairy products, eggs, lean meats (e.g., chicken, turkey), and fish (e.g., cod, zander). Heavy, hard-to-digest foods such as sweets, coffee, alcohol, and sugary drinks should be avoided. Research indicates that as bariatric surgeries increase, so does the risk of gastrointestinal complications, making it crucial for patients to be informed about potential risks before undergoing surgery.