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Protein substance - check if you possess complete knowledge about it!
Table of Contents
1. Composition of proteins
Protein is composed of amino acids that affect its biological value and are supplied in adequate quantities to enable the synthesis of all the proteins necessary for the proper functioning of the body. Amino acids can be divided into two groups: endogenous, which the body is able to produce on its own, and exogenous, which are considered indispensable and must be supplied to the body with food. There is also a third group of amino acids, called conditionally indispensable, whose synthesis is insufficient in certain situations such as rapid growth, disease, or stress. The quality of dietary protein depends mainly on the amount of exogenous amino acids and the proportions between them, which should be similar to those in the body's proteins. Proteins of animal origin are high-quality proteins that provide all the indispensable amino acids. Experts at the WHO have recognized egg protein as the reference protein, which most closely resembles the composition of the body's proteins. Plant proteins generally have a lower biological value, so it is important to properly combine products that provide the body with the indispensable amino acids in sufficient quantities.2. Functions of proteins in the human body
Proteins in the human body play a crucial role in many processes: – structural, forming the majority of tissues such as muscles, bones, nerves, internal organs, body fluids, skin, hair, and nails; – regenerative, participating in tissue regeneration, supporting the walls of arteries and aiding in wound healing, enabling the growth of hair and nails, and regenerating damaged skin and the lining of the digestive tract; – immunological, such as antibodies that fight against bacteria and viruses and are themselves proteins; – transport, carrying substances such as iron, fats, and carbohydrates; – synthetic, aiding in the formation of certain compounds involved in metabolic processes in the body, including certain hormones such as insulin, which regulates blood glucose levels, and thyroxine, which regulates metabolism and body temperature, as well as enzymes that are necessary for all chemical reactions.3. Protein sources in food - alternative version
Protein can be obtained from: eggs of animal and vegetable origin; milk and its derivatives. Meat and its products (although the healthiest choice is lean, which means leaner meat); fatty fish and lean meat, which are two of the best sources of protein (e.g. soybeans, soybean seeds, mackerel seeds etc.). Vegetable products, which may not have the same biological value as whole grains or seeds.4. A protein-rich diet and its potential dangers
A protein-rich diet is extremely popular among weightlifters as it is intended to accelerate metabolism and aid in shaping the perfect body. However, long-term and excessive consumption of this diet can lead to serious health complications: impaired functioning of the urinary system (e.g., kidney stones), liver diseases, body acidity, increased levels of so-called "bad" cholesterol. Proteins are essential for the functioning of the body, and athletes must increase their protein intake. It is undeniable that a protein-rich diet has many benefits, but an overly strict diet can lead to serious health complications. Proteins, like carbohydrates, fats, and mineral components, should be provided to the body in sufficient quantities, adjusted to current needs and health status.
