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Is GMO safe? What are the benefits?

Homepage Articles Is GMO safe? What are the benefits?

Is GMO safe? What are the benefits?

In Poland, there are EU rules governing the marketing and labelling of genetically modified food. Let us first check what scientific studies say about GMOs. A genetically engineered food as defined in the EC Regulation (1829/2003) is a food consisting of, containing, or produced from genetically altered organisms. Does the law effectively protect our health? A GMO (genetically modifiable organism) is an organism (not a human organism), in which genetic material has been altered in a way other than natural (the Act of 22 June 2001 on GMOs).

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1. If you want to know what's going on, go to the next page

In accordance with that Regulation, no food of this kind placed on the market may cause harmful effects in humans and animals. The manufacturer is obliged, when applying for an authorisation, to include a copy of the tests proving that the product does not cause harm to humans or animals and an analysis confirming that the properties of the food do not differ from those of its traditional counterpart. According to Regulation No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 March 2003.

2. How does EFSA assess food safety?

The safety assessment takes into account, inter alia, new interactions resulting from the modification of proteins. It also assesses its potential toxicity, allergenicity and environmental impact. The EFSA website (European Food Safety Authority) also considers whether a modified product differs in nutritional and visual terms from its traditional counterpart (or differs, for example, in length, colour, etc.). As consumers, we can be confident that the safety of genetically modified food on the market is carefully analysed.

3. Are these the plants that are most likely to be genetically modified?

Only genetically modified maize MON 810 is permitted in the European Union. This does not change the fact that Europe imports a significant proportion of modified foodstuffs, e.g. from Brazil, particularly for feed. Genetic modification of maize has reduced the content of mycotoxins (toxins produced by certain fungi) and increased the plant's resistance to insects. The countries with the most extensive GMO crops include the United States, Brazil, India, Argentina, Brazil and Canada. This maize is grown in Spain, Portugal, the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

4. Register of genetically modified products

We all have the right to request access to the documentation provided by the manufacturer and third parties to EFSA. Once you have selected the category, you can find the ID number, manufacturer, type of modified genes, area of use.

5. Are genetically modified foods safe?

Based on this, it can be assumed that GMOs are not a threat to us. There is also no evidence of GMOs being harmful. Paweł Golik, director of the Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology at the University of Warsaw, in an interview with Katarzyna Gandor It is not true that GMMs are 100% safe and harmless because nothing is. But dozens of years of research have not confirmed the existence of specific problems only for some genetically modified and non-extinctive varieties.

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Przydatne informacje i akty prawne dotyczące GMO, gis.gov.pl/zywnosc-i-woda/gmo/ (13.06.2019).
Rozporządzenie WE nr 1829/2003 Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady z dnia 22 września 2003 r. w sprawie genetycznie zmodyfikowanej żywności i paszy.
Ustawa z dnia 22 czerwca 2001 r. o organizmach genetycznie zmodyfikowanych.
GMO, efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/gmo (13.06.2019).
Davison J., Ammann K., New GMO regulations for old: Determining a new future for EU crop biotechnology, „GM Crops Food” 2017, 8(1), 13–34.
Gandor K., O GMO, strachu i wielkich korporacjach. Wywiad z prof. Dr hab. Pawłem Golikiem, kasiagandor.com/2016/07/o-gmo-strachu-i-wielkich-korporacjach-wywiad-z-prof-dr-hab-pawlem-golikiem/ (13.06.2019).
Pellegrino E. et al., Impact of genetically engineered maize on agronomic, environmental and toxicological traits: a meta-analysis of 21 years of field data, „Scientific Reports” 2018, 8(1), 3113.
Tagliabue G., The EU legislation on "GMOs" between nonsense and protectionism: An ongoing Schumpeterian chain of public choices, „GM Crops Food” 2017, 8(1), 57–73.